Springmvc 基础配置

大神请绕道。

不涉及到数据库的事务，或整合其他的框架，只需要几个基础包就可以了。如下图：

第一个配置方法：

springmvc.xml 文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
 
    <mvc:annotation-driven/> 
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    <!-- 配置自定扫描的包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="top.lrshuai.springmvc"></context:component-scan>
 
    <!-- 配置视图解析器: 如何把 handler 方法返回值解析为实际的物理视图 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>  
 
</beans>

注意的是springmvc.xml 文件要放在WEB-INF 下。不然会报文件找不到。

web.xml 文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
    id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
 
    <!-- 配置 SpringMVC -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!-- 配置 DispatcherServlet 的一个初始化参数: 配置 SpringMVC 配置文件的位置和名称 -->
        <!-- 
            实际上也可以不通过 contextConfigLocation 来配置 SpringMVC 的配置文件, 而使用默认的.
            默认的配置文件为: /WEB-INF/<servlet-name>-servlet.xml
        -->
        <!--  
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        -->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
 
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
 
</web-app>

第二个配置方法：

springmvc.xml 可以不放在WEB-INF 下面，放在src目录下的话要修改web.xml文件，修改如下：

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
  <display-name>gdinterface</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
   
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springMvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <!-- 修改的地方在这 -->
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springMvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
   
  <error-page>
      <error-code>404</error-code>
      <location>/404.jsp</location>
  </error-page>
   
  <error-page>
      <error-code>500</error-code>
      <location>/500.jsp</location>
  </error-page>
</web-app>

第三种配置方法：

如果要整合其他的框架，一般是分为两个配置文件的。需要注意的是，扫描包的时候可能会导致bean被创建了两次。所有可以使用 exclude-filter 和 include-filter 子节点来规定只能扫描的注解。

springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
 
    <mvc:annotation-driven/> 
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    <!-- 配置自定扫描的包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="top.lrshuai.springmvc" use-default-filters="false">
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" 
            expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" 
            expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice"/>
    </context:component-scan>
 
    <!-- 配置视图解析器: 如何把 handler 方法返回值解析为实际的物理视图 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>  
 
</beans>

整合其他框架的配置文件，就把它叫做 bean.xml,内容如下：

bean.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
 
    <context:component-scan base-package="top.lrshuai.springmvc">
        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" 
            expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" 
            expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice"/>
    </context:component-scan>
 
    <!-- 配置数据源, 整合其他框架, 事务等. -->
 
</beans>

web.xml 要修改

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
    id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
     
    <!-- 配置启动 Spring IOC 容器的 Listener -->
    <!-- needed for ContextLoaderListener -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:beans.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
 
    <!-- Bootstraps the root web application context before servlet initialization -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
     
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>Springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
 
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>Springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
     
</web-app>

需要注意的是 springmvc.xml 和 bean.xml 要放在src目录下